Cryopreservation & Nanowarming - Tissue and Organ Nanowarming by Radiofrequency

Vitrification when successful, allows indefinite storage, banking, and facilitation of tissue matching for transplantation. To date, however, successful rewarming of vitrified tissues can only be achieved by convective warming of small volumes on the order of 1 ml. Successful rewarming requires both uniform and fast rates to reduce thermal mechanical stress and cracks, and to prevent rewarming phase crystallization. We present a scalable nanowarming technology for 1- to 80-ml vitrified samples using radiofrequency-excited mesoporous silica–coated iron oxide nanoparticles in VS55. This allows uniform and rapid rewarming at >130°C/min in both physical (1 to 80 ml) and biological systems including human dermal fibroblast cells, porcine arteries and porcine aortic heart valve leaflet tissues (1 to 50 ml). This data suggests that nanowarming can help improve vitrification of tissues in larger sample volumes.